How to Check Your Ubuntu Version: A Step-by-Step Guide

Knowing which version of Ubuntu you're running is more important than you might think. It's like knowing the model of your car or your PC’s processor—it's essential information that impacts everything from performance to compatibility. Understanding your Ubuntu version is your first step in troubleshooting a software issue, ensuring your system meets the requirements for a new application, or simply staying on top of security updates.

This guide will walk you through several straightforward methods to quickly check your Ubuntu version. We'll cover both command-line techniques for those comfortable with the terminal and graphical interface (GUI) methods for a more visual approach. Let's dive in!

Understanding Ubuntu Versions and Why They Matter

Before we discuss how to check Ubuntu version, let's briefly discuss Ubuntu versions themselves. Ubuntu releases new versions regularly, typically every six months, with Long-Term Support (LTS) versions released every two years. These LTS versions are crucial for stability and long-term reliability, as they receive security and maintenance updates for five years (sometimes even longer with extended support).

You'll often see Ubuntu versions referred to by their release year and month, like 20.04 or 22.04. The first two digits indicate the year, and the last two represent the month of release (April in both these examples).

Why is knowing your version so vital?

• Software Compatibility: Ensures you install software that works with your Ubuntu version, preventing conflicts and errors.
• Security Updates: Older versions miss critical security patches, leaving your system vulnerable.
• Troubleshooting: Knowing your version helps get accurate support and solutions.
• Upgrades & Planning: Essential for managing updates, especially for non-LTS versions requiring frequent upgrades.

Checking Your Ubuntu Version Using the Terminal (Command Line)

For those who prefer the power and efficiency of the command line, Ubuntu offers several simple commands to reveal your version. Open your terminal (usually by pressing Ctrl+Alt+T) and let's explore these methods:

1. Using the lsb_release -a Command

The lsb_release command is specifically designed to display Linux Standard Base (LSB) information, including your Ubuntu distribution details. The -a flag (for "all") provides comprehensive information.

Command:

Example Output:

Understanding the Output:

• Distributor ID: Confirms you are using Ubuntu.
• Description: Provides a user-friendly description, including the version number (e.g., "Ubuntu 24.04.1 LTS"). "LTS" indicates it's a Long-Term Support release.
• Release: Shows the numerical version code (e.g., "24.04").
• Codename: Ubuntu versions also have codenames (e.g., "noble"). While less crucial for daily use, it's part of the Ubuntu naming convention.

2. Checking the /etc/os-release or /etc/lsb-release File

Ubuntu stores system information in various files. /etc/os-release is a standardized file that contains operating system identification data, while /etc/lsb-release serves a similar purpose, particularly for LSB compatibility. You can use the cat command to display the contents of these files.

Commands:

Or

Example Output (/etc/os-release):

Example Output (/etc/lsb-release):

Understanding the Output:

Both files present version information in a structured format, making it easy to parse and understand. Look for lines like VERSION, VERSION_ID, DISTRIB_RELEASE, and DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION to find your Ubuntu version.

3. Using the /etc/issue File (Less Reliable for Precise Version)

The /etc/issue file traditionally contains a system identification message displayed before login on text-based consoles. While it often includes Ubuntu version information, it's less reliable for precise version details as it's more customizable.

Command:

Example Output:

Understanding the Output:

This file often provides a basic string containing the Ubuntu version. While quick, it might not always be as detailed or accurate as the other methods.

4. Using the hostnamectl Command

The hostnamectl command is used to query and change system hostname settings, but it also conveniently displays general system information, including the operating system and kernel version.

Command:

Example Output:

Understanding the Output:

Look for the "Operating System" line, which clearly states your Ubuntu version (e.g., "Ubuntu 24.04.1 LTS"). This command also provides other useful system details like kernel version and architecture.

Checking Your Ubuntu Version via GUI (Graphical Interface)

If you prefer a visual approach or are working in a desktop environment, check your Ubuntu version using GUI with these steps.

1. Click the "Activities" button in the top-left corner of your screen (or press the Windows key).
2. Type "Settings" in the search bar and click the "Settings" icon.
3. In the Settings window, scroll down to the bottom of the left-hand sidebar and click "About".

In the "About" section, you'll find details about your system, including:

• OS Name: This will clearly state "Ubuntu."
• Version: This will display your Ubuntu version number (e.g., "22.04.2 LTS").
• GNOME Version: (If using GNOME desktop environment)
• Windowing System: (e.g., X11 or Wayland)
• Kernel Version:
• Architecture: (e.g., 64-bit)

This GUI method is straightforward and perfect for desktop users who prefer navigating with a mouse and graphical interface.

Keeping Your Ubuntu Version Updated

Once you know your Ubuntu version, it's crucial to keep it updated. Regular updates ensure you receive the latest security patches and bug fixes.

To check for available updates using the terminal, use the following commands:

• sudo apt update refreshes the package lists, ensuring you have the latest information about available packages.
• sudo apt list --upgradable lists packages that have updates available.

If updates are available, you can upgrade your system using:

     sudo apt upgrade

For upgrading to a newer version of Ubuntu (e.g., from 20.04 LTS to 22.04 LTS), you would typically use the command:

Important Note for Server Environments: If you are running Ubuntu on a VPS hosting or dedicated server, maintaining an LTS version is often recommended for stability and long-term support. 

Troubleshooting Issues with Ubuntu Version Detection

In rare cases, Ubuntu version commands may return incorrect results. Here’s how to troubleshoot:

• Verify Command Syntax: Check for typos that may cause errors.
• Outdated Systems: Older Ubuntu versions may not support some commands, so consider upgrading.
• Corrupted Files (Rare): If system files are damaged, a fresh install or recovery may be needed.
• Virtual Environments: Containers (e.g., Docker) may show the base image version instead of the host system.

For most installations, these methods should work reliably.

Conclusion

Knowing your Ubuntu version is a fundamental aspect of system administration and maintenance. Whether you prefer the command line's efficiency or the GUI's visual ease, Ubuntu provides multiple ways to access this vital information quickly.

 Using the methods outlined in this guide, you can quickly check your Ubuntu version and ensure you're equipped to troubleshoot issues, maintain software compatibility, and stay secure with the latest updates. Updating your system is key to a smooth and secure computing experience!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

How do I determine if I use a 32-bit or 64-bit version of Ubuntu?

You can use the lscpu command in the terminal. Look for the "Architecture" line in the output. "x86_64" indicates a 64-bit system, while "i686" or a similar number would indicate a 32-bit system. Alternatively, uname—m will also show your architecture (e.g., x86_64 for 64-bit, i686 for 32-bit).

What is the latest stable version of Ubuntu?

As of late 2023, the latest stable LTS version is Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish). Non-LTS versions are released more frequently, so check the official Ubuntu release page (https://ubuntu.com/download/desktop) for the latest non-LTS and LTS releases.

How can I check my Ubuntu kernel version?

You can use the command uname—r in the terminal to display the kernel version number. As shown earlier, the kernel version can also be seen in the output of hostnamectl.

How do I check my Ubuntu version on a remote server?

You can use any of the command-line methods described above via SSH (Secure Shell) to check the Ubuntu version on a remote server using a command.